Ability to use computing capability without a pre-defined location and connection is knows as "Mobile Computing".
Mobile computing has three aspects: mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile software.
The first aspect addresses communication issues in ad-hoc and infrastructure networks as well as communication properties, protocols, data formats and concrete technologies.
The second aspect is on the hardware, e.g., mobile devices or device components.
The third aspect deals with the characteristics and requirements of mobile applications.