Giridih City

Giridih district was created on 6 December 1972 by carving some parts of Hazaribagh district. In 1999 part of it became Bokaro district, Giridih is located at 24.18°N 86.3°E. It has an average elevation of 289 metres (948 ft). Śrī Sammeta Shikharji also known as the Parasnath Hills, located in Giridih is the highest mountain peak in Jharkhand. It is a conical granite peak located 4,477 feet (1,365 metres) above the sea level.

Giridih District is geographically divided into two natural divisions, which are the central plateau and lower plateau. The central plateau touches the western portion of the district near Bagodar block. The lower plateaus have an undulating surface and an average height of 1300 feet.In the north and north-west, the lower plateaus form fairly level tablelands until they reach the ghats when they drop to about 700 feet. The district has uniformly distributed and vast forests. Sal tree is the most famous and predominant trees here. Among other common trees are bamboo, semal, Mahua, palash, kusum, kend, Asian pear and bhelwa.

Giridih district is divided into two main water heads – Barakar and Sakri rivers. Giridih is rich in mineral resources and has several large coal fields with one of the best qualities of metallurgical coal in India. Mica is found in abundance near the blocks Tisri and Gawan. Mica is of importance not only to Jharkhand but to India and other countries as well.
The climate of Giridih is generally dry. It is pleasant during winter season between October and March. Summer season starting April, is generally hot, with May being hottest when temperature rises up to 47C. Often high temperature is accompanied by high humidity levels, specially during June when premonsoon rain falls. It rains maximum during July and August, and rainy season continues up to mid October.
Ravindra Kumar Pandeyfrom the Bharatiya Janata Party won the Indian general election, 2014 from Giridih (Lok Sabha constituency) and is the present Member of Parliament. Giridih city forms the Giridih (Vidhan Sabha constituency).[6] Bharatiya Janata Party, Jharkhand Mukti Morcha, Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik) and Indian National Congress are some of the political parties in the city. Late Nageshwar Prasad Sinha was the first MP from Giridih, when the town declared as separate district from Hazaribagh.
Rail- Giridih Station is connected to Madhupur Junction located 48 km to the east by a single broad gauge railway line. There is a single passenger train which runs five times a day between the two stations and takes about an hour to reach Giridih.[7] Parasnath Station, on the Howrah-Delhi grand chord line, is 48 km from Giridih towards the west. The Giridih station is under the administration of the Asansol division of the Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. There is a direct train service from Giridih to Kolkata and [Patna]
The Grand Trunk Road passes through Giridih. Giridih lies on the junction of NH-2 and NH-100.

Bus- Giridih has a bus terminus in the center of the town. The bus stand is divided into platforms for private buses. A Government Bus terminus is just adjacent to the main bus terminus. There are regular bus services from the city to other parts in the district. Bus service to Dhanbad, Bokaro, Hazaribagh, Deoghar, Asansol, Durgapur, Kolkata, Howrah, Patna, Ranchi and Jamshedpur is available. Private cars and taxi facilities are available in the city. Other transport is trekkers, autos, rickshaws and mini buses.
Air- By air, there is a landing airstrip known as Boro aerodrom at the district headquarters of Giridih.[8] Giridih is well connected to some of the popular airports of Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal and they are :

Birsa Munda Airport, Ranchi 155 kilometres (96 mi)
Gaya Airport 169 kilometres (105 mi)
Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Airport, Patna 223 kilometres (139 mi)
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport, Kolkata 309 kilometres (192 mi)
This town used to bustle with economic activity in the period from 60s to 80's when the mineral mica processing and export community reaped tremendous gains through exports to the USSR. Since the decline of the USSR however and its split into twelve CIS countries, the industry has slowly declined and is currently ailing.

On the southern side of Giridih, in Beniadih, are the coal mines of Central Coalfields Limited, a subsidiary of Coal India Limited (a Maharatna and the world's largest coal miner). It is the largest industry in the Giridih district and major contributor to the economy of the town. Central Coalfields Limited itself is a Miniratna.

The Data Processing Center of Data Processing Division (DPD) of National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) provides complete IT solution from sample selection, software development to processing and tabulation of data canvassed through various socio-economic surveys of National Sample Survey Organisation.

With the formation of new state of Jharkhand and governments' initiative, a lot of small scale industries have come up in Giridih. They all are basically related to metals, the majority of them being Sponge Iron (DRI) Units, Induction Furnaces & Rolling Mills like Lal's, Mongia, Bharat Alloys, Atibir, Saluja Power and steel limited, Sri Ram Steels, Bhardwaj, Salasar, Allied, Shivam Group and Gaurishanker Electrocastings.

Mica business also contribute a lot in the trade data, mainly mica are exported to China, Europe, Japan, Taiwan, USA the total value of mica exports are USD 100 million, the main mica exporters are Jalan Mica Exports, Ratan Mica Exports, Jai Mica, Mount Hill Etc.